The right Frontal Med Orb (Right) region in the AAL2 atlas corresponds to the right medial orbitofrontal cortex, a ventral portion of the prefrontal cortex located on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, just above the orbits. This region is supplied by branches of the anterior cerebral and, variably, middle cerebral arteries and is interconnected with limbic structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and ventral striatum, as well as with other prefrontal and sensory association areas. Functionally, the medial orbitofrontal cortex is implicated in reward valuation, decision-making, emotion regulation, and the integration of sensory and internal state information to guide adaptive behavior, and it plays a role in affective processing and social cognition. A closely related structure with more extensive coverage is the Orbitofrontal cortex.
The right medial orbitofrontal cortex (Frontal Med Orb Right in the AAL2 atlas) has been implicated in several neuroimaging genetics studies, primarily through GWAS of cortical thickness, surface area, and volume, as well as imaging-derived endophenotypes. Large-scale consortia such as ENIGMA and UK Biobank have reported heritability of orbitofrontal measures and identified associated loci in or near genes involved in synaptic function, neurodevelopment, and cell adhesion (e.g., common variants in and around genes such as CADM2, MEF2C, and GRIN2B), though often these findings are reported for medial/orbitofrontal regions bilaterally rather than specifically right-lateralized. Genetic correlations and polygenic risk analyses have linked orbitofrontal morphology and function to psychiatric and behavioral traits including major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, anxiety, alcohol and nicotine use, and general risk-taking and impulsivity, with orbitofrontal measures sometimes mediating effects of polygenic scores on behavior. GWAS of functional activation and connectivity involving the medial orbitofrontal cortex have also associated this region with genetic risk for reward-related traits, neuroticism, and cognitive performance. However, current genetic evidence is typically regionally coarse and lateralization-specific associations for the right Frontal Med Orb are limited, with most findings reflecting broader orbitofrontal or medial prefrontal circuits rather than this single AAL2 parcel.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 2612
Hemisphere: right
Atlas: AAL2
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Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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