The bilateral GM Inferior parietal lobule PFm L, as defined in the Juelich maxprob thr25 2mm Atlas, corresponds to a cytoarchitectonic subregion within the inferior parietal lobule associated primarily with multimodal associative processing, including integration of visual, somatosensory, and auditory information. This region is implicated in higher-order cognitive functions such as attention reorientation, spatial perception, body awareness, and aspects of language and social cognition, including action understanding and perspective-taking. PFm is part of the broader inferior parietal cortex, which exhibits strong structural and functional connectivity with frontal, temporal, and occipital areas, supporting its role as a heteromodal hub in the parietal lobe. There is no direct Wikipedia article for PFm; a closely related structure is the Inferior parietal lobule.
The bilateral GM Inferior parietal lobule PFm (left) region in the Juelich maxprob atlas lies within the broader inferior parietal lobule (IPL), a multimodal association area for attention, language, working memory, and social cognition, for which genetic associations have been inferred largely from imaging–genetics and GWAS of cortical thickness, surface area, and functional activation rather than PFm-specific analyses. Large-scale cortical GWAS (e.g., ENIGMA, UK Biobank) implicate common variants in genes involved in synaptic development and plasticity (such as BDNF, CDH13, MAPT, and several calcium-channel and glutamatergic pathway genes) with structural variation in parietal association cortex that encompasses PFm, while polygenic scores for general cognitive ability and educational attainment correlate with IPL morphology and activation during tasks engaging this region. GWAS of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders—including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and major depressive disorder—identify risk loci in genes affecting synaptic signaling, axon guidance, and neuroimmune function (for example, CACNA1C, GRIN2A/B, CNTNAP2, and MHC-region genes), whose carriers frequently show altered parietal structure or connectivity, including in IPL subregions. In Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, risk variants in APOE, CLU, CR1, and BIN1, among others, have been associated with atrophy and hypometabolism in parietal association cortex, including inferior parietal areas overlapping PFm, while tau-pathology–related genes (e.g., MAPT) show convergent effects on posterior cortical networks important for memory and visuospatial function. Although no GWAS has isolated PFm L as a uniquely associated locus, converging imaging–genetics, structural and functional GWAS, and disease-risk studies indicate that genetic variation in synaptic, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative pathways contributes to interindividual differences and pathology in the inferior parietal lobule territory that contains PFm.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 31
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Juelich maxprob thr25 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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