The bilateral Left Cerebrum.Occipital Lobe.Lingual Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 19 corresponds to a higher-order visual association region located along the ventromedial surface of the occipital lobe within the lingual gyrus, deep to the calcarine fissure. As part of Brodmann area 19, it receives and integrates complex visual information from primary and secondary visual cortices, contributing to form, color, and pattern processing and to aspects of visual recognition and reading-related functions. This region participates in the ventral visual stream, supporting object and scene perception, and shows strong connectivity with fusiform and parietal association areas. There is no dedicated Wikipedia article for “Brodmann area 19 of the lingual gyrus,” but it is encompassed within the broader Brodmann area 19 visual association cortex.
The bilateral left cerebrum occipital lobe lingual gyrus gray matter Brodmann area 19 (BA19), a higher-order visual association region, has been implicated in genetic studies primarily through imaging genetics and GWAS of brain structure and visual-related traits rather than direct region-specific association catalogs. Variants in genes influencing cortical thickness, surface area, and occipital/visual cortex volume—such as those near KIAA0586, MAPT, and genes involved in neurodevelopmental pathways—have been associated with occipital and posterior cortical morphology that include BA19 in large MRI-based GWAS (e.g., ENIGMA and UK Biobank cohorts). Functional and structural alterations of the lingual gyrus (often overlapping BA18/19) have been linked through genetic and polygenic risk studies to disorders with visual processing and visuospatial components, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and dyslexia, where risk variants in synaptic, glutamatergic, and neurodevelopmental genes (e.g., CACNA1C, GRIN2A, CNTNAP2) show downstream effects on occipital activation or connectivity. GWAS of traits such as visual memory, reading ability, and face/object recognition have reported associations near genes involved in synaptic plasticity and axonal guidance, consistent with BA19’s role in complex visual processing, though these findings typically reference broader occipital or ventral visual stream regions rather than BA19 alone. Overall, current genetic evidence supports a role for common neurodevelopmental and synaptic genes in shaping BA19 structure and function, with region-involved alterations observed across multiple neuropsychiatric and cognitive phenotypes, but precise gene–region mappings for the Talairach-defined bilateral left BA19 remain limited and indirect.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 417
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 1mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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