The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Frontal Lobe.Inferior Frontal Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 9 corresponds to dorsolateral portions of the prefrontal cortex located in the superior segment of the inferior frontal gyrus, extending into the middle frontal regions, and is defined cytoarchitectonically by its granular structure and distinct laminar organization. This area participates in high-level executive functions including working memory, sustained attention, planning, cognitive flexibility, and aspects of response inhibition, integrating multimodal information for goal-directed behavior and abstract reasoning. Neuronal populations within Brodmann area 9 exhibit dense reciprocal connectivity with other prefrontal, parietal, and limbic regions, supporting its role in top-down control, error monitoring, and the modulation of emotional and social-cognitive processes. There is no direct link for this exact composite label; a closely related structure is Brodmann area 9.
The bilateral right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in Brodmann area 9, as defined in the Talairach 1 mm atlas, is implicated by genetic and imaging-genetics studies in a range of cognitive, affective, and clinical phenotypes. GWAS and large-scale imaging-genetics consortia (e.g., ENIGMA, UK Biobank) have identified common variants in genes involved in synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and neurotransmission—such as BDNF, COMT, DRD2/DRD4, and glutamatergic and GABAergic pathway genes—that modulate IFG gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and activation during working memory, cognitive control, and response inhibition tasks. Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder have been associated with structural and functional alterations in right IFG/BA9, consistent with its role in executive dysfunction and social-cognitive processing in these disorders. Variants in frontotemporal dementia–related genes (e.g., MAPT, GRN, C9orf72) and Alzheimer’s disease risk loci (e.g., APOE) have been linked to atrophy patterns that prominently involve the inferior frontal and dorsolateral prefrontal regions, including BA9. Additionally, GWAS of traits such as impulsivity, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, smoking, alcohol use, educational attainment, and general cognitive ability show convergent associations with right IFG structure and function, suggesting that pleiotropic genetic influences on prefrontal circuitry contribute to individual differences in self-control, decision-making, and higher-order cognition.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 900
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 1mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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