The bilateral Right Cerebrum Occipital Lobe Inferior Occipital Gyrus Gray Matter Brodmann area 19 corresponds to a portion of the associative visual cortex within the occipital lobe, involved in higher-order visual processing and integration of complex visual stimuli such as object form, motion, and spatial relationships. Brodmann area 19 (also termed part of the extrastriate cortex) receives input from primary and secondary visual areas (BAs 17 and 18) and participates in transmitting processed visual information to temporal and parietal regions for recognition and visuospatial functions. Neuronal populations in this region contribute to the interpretation of visual patterns, refinement of visual perception, and the coordination of visual information with other sensory and cognitive systems. There is no direct Wikipedia article specifically for this exact Talairach label; a related structure is Brodmann area 19.
The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Occipital Lobe.Inferior Occipital Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 19, corresponding to higher-order visual association cortex and overlapping with fusiform and lateral occipital regions in some parcellations, has been implicated in several genetic and GWAS-based associations, though typically via broader visual or occipitotemporal networks rather than highly specific loci confined to this exact Talairach region. Structural and functional variation in BA19 and adjacent inferior occipital/fusiform cortex has been linked to common variants in genes influencing neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, including BDNF (e.g., Val66Met), NRGN, and CNTNAP2, with effects reported on visual recognition, face processing, and cortical thickness or surface area in large imaging-genetics cohorts (e.g., ENIGMA, UK Biobank). Polygenic risk for schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, and major depressive disorder has been associated with altered occipital and occipitotemporal gray matter volume or activation patterns, including BA19, in some studies, and rare variants in synaptic and neurodevelopmental genes (such as those in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome) show downstream effects on visual association cortex structure and function. GWAS of brain imaging phenotypes have identified multiple loci (e.g., near HMGA2, IGF1, and other growth and morphogenesis genes) that influence occipital cortical thickness and surface area, with the inferior and lateral occipital regions among the affected parcels, and associations have also been reported between visual association cortex measures and polygenic scores for cognitive ability and educational attainment. In addition, genetic variants in dopaminergic and serotonergic systems (such as DRD2 and 5-HTTLPR) have been associated with individual differences in occipital and occipitotemporal activation during emotional and face-processing tasks, implicating BA19-adjacent regions in genetically modulated affective visual processing. Overall, while no single gene is uniquely tied to the Talairach-defined Right BA19 Inferior Occipital Gyrus, convergent imaging-genetics and GWAS findings suggest that common polygenic influences on neurodevelopment, synaptic signaling, and brain growth shape structural and functional variation in this visual association area, with relevance to psychiatric risk, cognitive traits, and visual recognition functions.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 415
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 1mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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