The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Temporal Lobe.Supramarginal Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 40 corresponds to a cortical territory in the inferior parietal lobule bordering the posterior superior temporal and supramarginal regions, implicated in multimodal sensory integration, phonological processing, and aspects of spatial attention and body representation. Functionally, this area contributes to language-related tasks such as verbal working memory and phoneme–grapheme mapping, as well as higher-order somatosensory processing, including the perception of tactile stimuli in relation to object manipulation and tool use. It is also involved in social cognition and the interpretation of others’ actions, consistent with its role in integrating auditory, visual, and somatic information for complex cognitive operations. There is no direct link for “Brodmann area 40” alone in this context; a closely related structure is the supramarginal gyrus: Supramarginal gyrus.
The right supramarginal gyrus (Brodmann area 40) in the temporal–parietal region has been repeatedly implicated in imaging–genetics and GWAS studies of cortical structure and cognition, with associations linking its gray matter volume, thickness, and surface area to common variants in genes involved in neurodevelopment, synaptic function, and myelination (for example, loci near or within MIR137, MAPT, and other neurodevelopmental and axonal guidance genes identified by large consortia such as ENIGMA and UK Biobank). Structural and functional variation in this area has been genetically correlated with reading and language-related abilities, phonological processing, working memory, and general cognitive performance, as well as with educational attainment, suggesting shared polygenic influences on parietal language and attentional networks. GWAS of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders—including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and major depressive disorder—have identified risk loci whose carriers show altered supramarginal gyrus morphology or activation, consistent with the region’s role in social cognition, perspective-taking, and emotion regulation. In addition, imaging–genetic studies in stroke, dyslexia, and aphasia have linked variants affecting white-matter connectivity and cortical organization around BA40 to vulnerability or resilience in language recovery and post-stroke cognitive outcomes, underscoring this region as a convergence point where polygenic liability for cognitive, language, and psychiatric phenotypes manifests at the level of cortical structure and function.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 872
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 1mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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