Bilateral Right Cerebrum.Frontal Lobe.Medial Frontal Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 25 corresponds to the subgenual (subgenual cingulate) portion of the medial prefrontal cortex, situated ventrally beneath the genu of the corpus callosum in the frontal lobe. This region is part of the limbic–cortical network and is heavily interconnected with the amygdala, hypothalamus, ventral striatum, and brainstem autonomic centers, supporting roles in emotion regulation, stress responses, visceral/autonomic control, and mood-related processing. Brodmann area 25 has been strongly implicated in affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder, where abnormal activity and connectivity patterns have been observed, and it has served as a target for deep brain stimulation and other neuromodulation therapies aimed at treatment-resistant depression. There is no direct link for this exact Talairach label; a related structure is Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex.
The bilateral right medial frontal gyrus gray matter in Brodmann area 25 (subgenual anterior cingulate/ventromedial prefrontal region) has been repeatedly implicated in genetic studies of mood, stress regulation, and psychiatric vulnerability. GWAS and imaging-genetics work linking cortical thickness and volume in medial frontal and subgenual cingulate regions indicate polygenic influences overlapping with risk loci for major depressive disorder (e.g., variants near SIRT1, LHPP, and other MDD-associated loci), bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, suggesting shared genetic architecture for structural variation and affective psychopathology. BA25 has a key role in negative affect and treatment response in depression, and genetic variation in serotonergic and glutamatergic pathways (e.g., SLC6A4, HTR1A, GRM genes), as well as stress-related systems such as FKBP5 and CRHR1, has been associated with altered function or connectivity in this region in candidate-gene and intermediate-phenotype studies. Large-scale consortia (e.g., ENIGMA) report that genetic factors contributing to fronto-limbic morphology and connectivity overlap with variants associated with neuroticism, anxiety, suicide risk, and cognitive-affective traits, consistent with BA25’s role as a hub in emotion regulation networks. Overall, genetic findings support that structural and functional variation in the right medial frontal gyrus/BA25 reflects a complex polygenic basis tied to susceptibility for mood and anxiety disorders, stress-related traits, and broader internalizing psychopathology.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 227
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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