Bilateral Right Cerebrum.Frontal Lobe.Middle Frontal Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 11 corresponds to a segment of the orbitofrontal cortex situated in the anterior-inferior portion of the frontal lobe, overlying the orbits and extending medially and laterally within the middle frontal gyrus territory. Brodmann area 11 is cytoarchitectonically defined by its granular prefrontal cortical layering and is heavily interconnected with limbic, striatal, and sensory association regions, integrating reward-related, emotional, and social information to guide adaptive decision making, valuation, and behavioral inhibition. This region contributes to processes such as outcome evaluation, expectation of reward or punishment, affective regulation, and complex cognitive functions involved in planning and goal-directed behavior. There is no direct Wikipedia article for this exact Talairach label; a closely related structure is the Orbitofrontal cortex.
The bilateral right middle frontal gyrus gray matter in Brodmann area 11, part of orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal cortex circuitry, shows convergent genetic associations through GWAS and imaging–genetics studies, although few findings are specific to the Talairach 2 mm label. Variants in genes involved in synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and neurotransmission—such as BDNF (e.g., Val66Met), COMT (Val158Met), DISC1, and serotonin-related genes (e.g., SLC6A4, HTR2A)—have been associated with structural and functional differences in adjacent orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal regions, including BA11, influencing traits like reward sensitivity, decision-making, and emotion regulation. Large-scale GWAS of brain imaging phenotypes (e.g., ENIGMA, UK Biobank) have identified common variants in multiple loci (including regions near genes such as PCDH family members, DCC, and GRIN2B) that relate to cortical thickness or surface area in frontal association cortex overlapping BA11, with downstream links to cognitive performance and personality dimensions (e.g., neuroticism, impulsivity). Orbitofrontal/BA11 abnormalities are genetically implicated in psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and substance use disorders, where polygenic risk scores correlate with altered gray matter or functional activation in this region. Moreover, risk alleles in dopaminergic and glutamatergic genes show associations with orbitofrontal activation during reward and punishment tasks, connecting BA11-related circuitry to addictive behaviors, externalizing traits, and decision-making under uncertainty.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 198
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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