The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Limbic Lobe.Anterior Cingulate.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 25 corresponds to the subgenual (subgenual) portion of the anterior cingulate cortex, a ventromedial prefrontal region situated beneath the genu of the corpus callosum. Brodmann area 25 is heavily interconnected with limbic and autonomic structures, including the hypothalamus, amygdala, ventral striatum, and other prefrontal regions, and is implicated in regulation of mood, emotional valence, visceral/autonomic responses, and stress-related processes. It exhibits dense monoaminergic innervation (notably serotonergic) and has been strongly associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder and affective regulation, including as a target for deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression.
Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex
The bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), including Brodmann area 25 in the subgenual region, has been repeatedly implicated in genetic studies of mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. GWAS and imaging-genetics work link ACC volume, thickness, and functional activity to common variants in genes related to synaptic plasticity, monoamine signaling, and stress regulation, including BDNF (e.g., Val66Met), SLC6A4 (serotonin transporter), COMT, and FKBP5, among others, with ACC measures mediating risk for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Subgenual BA25, in particular, has been associated with genetic risk for treatment-resistant depression and suicidal behavior, and shows altered structure and activity in carriers of risk alleles identified in large psychiatric GWAS consortia (e.g., variants near genes such as CACNA1C, ODZ4, and others implicated in mood disorders). Polygenic risk scores for depression, schizophrenia, and neuroticism have been correlated with ACC structure and function, suggesting that this region is a key neural substrate through which distributed genetic risk for affective and cognitive control traits is expressed, and ACC-related endophenotypes are now widely used in imaging-genetics studies of emotional regulation and psychiatric vulnerability.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 381
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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