The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Parietal Lobe.Precuneus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 31 corresponds to a posterior medial parietal cortical region situated within the precuneus and adjacent posterior cingulate territories, typically considered part of the default mode and limbic–parietal associative networks. Brodmann area 31 is implicated in high-level integrative functions, including episodic memory retrieval, self-referential processing, visuospatial integration, and aspects of internally directed cognition and attention. It receives multimodal inputs from frontal, parietal, and temporal association cortices as well as limbic structures, and participates in large-scale networks supporting autobiographical memory, scene construction, and mental simulation. There is no direct link for “Brodmann area 31,” but it is closely related to the Precuneus and Posterior cingulate cortex.
The bilateral right precuneus gray matter in Brodmann area 31, as defined in the Talairach 2 mm atlas, is a key hub of the default mode and associative networks, and numerous genetic studies have implicated this region in cognition, psychiatric risk, and neurodegeneration. Twin and imaging‑genetics studies indicate that precuneus volume, cortical thickness, and resting‑state connectivity show high heritability, with variants in genes such as APOE (especially ε4), CLU, CR1, and BIN1 influencing structural atrophy and hypometabolism in BA31 in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Large‑scale GWAS of brain morphology (e.g., ENIGMA and UK Biobank) have identified multiple common loci (including variants near genes involved in neuronal development, synaptic function, and immune regulation such as KIAA0586, HMGA2, and microtubule‑related genes) that associate with parietal/precuneus cortical thickness or surface area. Imaging‑genetics studies link risk alleles for schizophrenia (e.g., within CACNA1C, ZNF804A, and other polygenic risk loci) and major depressive disorder to altered precuneus activation and connectivity during self‑referential and emotional processing, and autism spectrum disorder GWAS and polygenic risk scores have been associated with atypical default‑mode network organization that prominently involves BA31. Additional GWAS of traits such as intelligence, educational attainment, and memory performance have shown correlations between their polygenic scores and precuneus structure and function, underscoring a genetic contribution of this region to high‑level cognition and vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 859
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
This resource is licensed under CC0 1.0 Universal (Public Domain).