The bilateral Right Cerebrum.Temporal Lobe.Supramarginal Gyrus.Gray Matter.Brodmann area 40 corresponds to a cortical region in the inferior parietal lobule bordering the posterior superior temporal lobe, involved in multimodal integration of auditory, somatosensory, and visual information. Functionally, Brodmann area 40 plays key roles in phonological processing, language comprehension, reading, and aspects of working memory, as well as in spatial attention and the perception of body-related stimuli. In the right hemisphere, this area is particularly implicated in attention to extrapersonal space and in certain aspects of social cognition and emotional prosody. Cytoarchitectonically, BA40 gray matter is characterized by its association cortex laminar organization, supporting higher-order integration and associative processing of inputs from primary and secondary sensory cortices. There is no direct link for this exact Talairach label; a closely related structure is the supramarginal gyrus: Supramarginal gyrus.
The supramarginal gyrus (right temporal lobe, Brodmann area 40) has been implicated in genetic studies of brain structure and cognition, particularly through GWAS of cortical thickness, surface area, and regional volume. Large consortia such as ENIGMA and UK Biobank have identified polygenic influences on supramarginal gyrus morphology, with associated loci often involving neurodevelopmental and synaptic genes (e.g., variants near genes like KIAA0586, MIR137, and multiple glutamatergic and cell-adhesion genes), although specific associations to Brodmann area 40 at 2-mm Talairach resolution are typically nested within broader parietal or temporoparietal measures. Genetic variation influencing this region has been linked to language and reading abilities, phonological processing, and working memory, consistent with its functional role in speech perception and sensorimotor integration, with some studies connecting regional volume or activation to risk alleles for dyslexia and other learning disorders. GWAS and candidate-gene imaging genetics work have further related supramarginal gyrus morphology or connectivity to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and ADHD risk variants, as well as to polygenic scores for educational attainment and general cognitive ability. Moreover, right supramarginal gyrus structure and function show heritable contributions to social cognition and empathy-related traits, with associated genetic influences overlapping those implicated in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions, underscoring that associations to this specific Talairach-defined region largely reflect distributed, polygenic effects on temporoparietal networks.
Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).
Region ID: 872
Hemisphere: bilateral
Atlas: Talairach labels 2mm
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Full Quality Version: Download MP4
Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper
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