Juelich maxprob thr25 1mm Atlas

Rotating Brain

Full Quality Version: Download MP4

Overview

The Juelich maxprob thr25 1mm brain atlas is a probabilistic cytoarchitectonic parcellation of the human brain derived from microscopic analysis of postmortem tissue, in which cortical and subcortical regions are defined based on laminar cell architecture and then reconstructed and normalized into MNI space at 1 mm resolution. It aggregates probabilistic maps from multiple brains (typically around 10 postmortem hemispheres), and the “maxprob thr25” designation indicates that each voxel is assigned to the area with the highest probability, provided that this probability is at least 25%, thereby yielding a maximum probability map constrained by a threshold that balances anatomical specificity and coverage. The atlas predominantly parcellates cortical areas (e.g., primary motor, somatosensory, visual, auditory, and association cortices) along with selected subcortical nuclei, allowing region definitions that reflect histological boundaries rather than purely macroanatomical landmarks; it is used widely in neuroimaging for function–structure correlation, interpretation of fMRI and PET activations, connectivity studies, and validation of other parcellation schemes. The atlas was constructed by manual cytoarchitectonic delineation of regions on serial histological sections, 3D reconstruction, and non-linear registration to standard space, followed by voxel-wise probability estimation and creation of maximum probability maps, and it is distributed through several neuroimaging platforms and toolboxes for use in both research and clinical contexts. Atlas Website

Overview generated by GPT-4o (2026).

Click any region name to view its full visualization and description.

ID Acronym Region
1 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP1 L gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip1 l_bilateral
2 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP1 R gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip1 r_bilateral
3 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP2 L gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip2 l_bilateral
4 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP2 R gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip2 r_bilateral
5 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP3 L gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip3 l_bilateral
6 GM Anterior intra-parietal sulcus hIP3 R gm anterior intra-parietal sulcus hip3 r_bilateral
7 GM Amygdala_centromedial group L gm amygdala centromedial group l_bilateral
8 GM Amygdala_centromedial group R gm amygdala centromedial group r_bilateral
9 GM Amygdala_laterobasal group L gm amygdala laterobasal group l_bilateral
10 GM Amygdala_laterobasal group R gm amygdala laterobasal group r_bilateral
11 GM Amygdala_superficial group L gm amygdala superficial group l_bilateral
12 GM Amygdala_superficial group R gm amygdala superficial group r_bilateral
13 GM Broca’s area BA44 L gm broca’s area ba44 l_bilateral
14 GM Broca’s area BA44 R gm broca’s area ba44 r_bilateral
15 GM Broca’s area BA45 L gm broca’s area ba45 l_bilateral
16 GM Broca’s area BA45 R gm broca’s area ba45 r_bilateral
17 GM Hippocampus cornu ammonis L gm hippocampus cornu ammonis l_bilateral
18 GM Hippocampus cornu ammonis R gm hippocampus cornu ammonis r_bilateral
19 GM Hippocampus entorhinal cortex L gm hippocampus entorhinal cortex l_bilateral
20 GM Hippocampus entorhinal cortex R gm hippocampus entorhinal cortex r_bilateral
21 GM Hippocampus dentate gyrus L gm hippocampus dentate gyrus l_bilateral
22 GM Hippocampus dentate gyrus R gm hippocampus dentate gyrus r_bilateral
23 GM Hippocampus hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area L gm hippocampus hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area l_bilateral
24 GM Hippocampus hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area R gm hippocampus hippocampal-amygdaloid transition area r_bilateral
25 GM Hippocampus subiculum L gm hippocampus subiculum l_bilateral
26 GM Hippocampus subiculum R gm hippocampus subiculum r_bilateral
27 GM Inferior parietal lobule PF L gm inferior parietal lobule pf l_bilateral
28 GM Inferior parietal lobule PF R gm inferior parietal lobule pf r_bilateral
29 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFcm L gm inferior parietal lobule pfcm l_bilateral
30 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFcm R gm inferior parietal lobule pfcm r_bilateral
31 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFm L gm inferior parietal lobule pfm l_bilateral
32 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFm R gm inferior parietal lobule pfm r_bilateral
33 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFop L gm inferior parietal lobule pfop l_bilateral
34 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFop R gm inferior parietal lobule pfop r_bilateral
35 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFt L gm inferior parietal lobule pft l_bilateral
36 GM Inferior parietal lobule PFt R gm inferior parietal lobule pft r_bilateral
37 GM Inferior parietal lobule Pga L gm inferior parietal lobule pga l_bilateral
38 GM Inferior parietal lobule Pga R gm inferior parietal lobule pga r_bilateral
39 GM Inferior parietal lobule PGp L gm inferior parietal lobule pgp l_bilateral
40 GM Inferior parietal lobule PGp R gm inferior parietal lobule pgp r_bilateral
41 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.0 L gm primary auditory cortex te1.0 l_bilateral
42 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.0 R gm primary auditory cortex te1.0 r_bilateral
43 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.1 L gm primary auditory cortex te1.1 l_bilateral
44 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.1 R gm primary auditory cortex te1.1 r_bilateral
45 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.2 L gm primary auditory cortex te1.2 l_bilateral
46 GM Primary auditory cortex TE1.2 R gm primary auditory cortex te1.2 r_bilateral
47 GM Primary motor cortex BA4a L gm primary motor cortex ba4a l_bilateral
48 GM Primary motor cortex BA4a R gm primary motor cortex ba4a r_bilateral
49 GM Primary motor cortex BA4p L gm primary motor cortex ba4p l_bilateral
50 GM Primary motor cortex BA4p R gm primary motor cortex ba4p r_bilateral
51 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA1 L gm primary somatosensory cortex ba1 l_bilateral
52 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA1 R gm primary somatosensory cortex ba1 r_bilateral
53 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA2 L gm primary somatosensory cortex ba2 l_bilateral
54 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA2 R gm primary somatosensory cortex ba2 r_bilateral
55 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA3a L gm primary somatosensory cortex ba3a l_bilateral
56 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA3a R gm primary somatosensory cortex ba3a r_bilateral
57 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA3b L gm primary somatosensory cortex ba3b l_bilateral
58 GM Primary somatosensory cortex BA3b R gm primary somatosensory cortex ba3b r_bilateral
59 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP1 L gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op1 l_bilateral
60 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP1 R gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op1 r_bilateral
61 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP2 L gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op2 l_bilateral
62 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP2 R gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op2 r_bilateral
63 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP3 L gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op3 l_bilateral
64 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP3 R gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op3 r_bilateral
65 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP4 L gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op4 l_bilateral
66 GM Secondary somatosensory cortex Parietal operculum OP4 R gm secondary somatosensory cortex parietal operculum op4 r_bilateral
67 GM Superior parietal lobule 5Ci L gm superior parietal lobule 5ci l_bilateral
68 GM Superior parietal lobule 5Ci R gm superior parietal lobule 5ci r_bilateral
69 GM Superior parietal lobule 5L L gm superior parietal lobule 5l l_bilateral
70 GM Superior parietal lobule 5L R gm superior parietal lobule 5l r_bilateral
71 GM Superior parietal lobule 5M L gm superior parietal lobule 5m l_bilateral
72 GM Superior parietal lobule 5M R gm superior parietal lobule 5m r_bilateral
73 GM Superior parietal lobule 7A L gm superior parietal lobule 7a l_bilateral
74 GM Superior parietal lobule 7A R gm superior parietal lobule 7a r_bilateral
75 GM Superior parietal lobule 7M L gm superior parietal lobule 7m l_bilateral
76 GM Superior parietal lobule 7M R gm superior parietal lobule 7m r_bilateral
77 GM Superior parietal lobule 7PC L gm superior parietal lobule 7pc l_bilateral
78 GM Superior parietal lobule 7PC R gm superior parietal lobule 7pc r_bilateral
79 GM Superior parietal lobule 7P L gm superior parietal lobule 7p l_bilateral
80 GM Superior parietal lobule 7P R gm superior parietal lobule 7p r_bilateral
81 GM Visual cortex V1 BA17 L gm visual cortex v1 ba17 l_bilateral
82 GM Visual cortex V1 BA17 R gm visual cortex v1 ba17 r_bilateral
83 GM Visual cortex V2 BA18 L gm visual cortex v2 ba18 l_bilateral
84 GM Visual cortex V2 BA18 R gm visual cortex v2 ba18 r_bilateral
85 GM Visual cortex V3V L gm visual cortex v3v l_bilateral
86 GM Visual cortex V3V R gm visual cortex v3v r_bilateral
87 GM Visual cortex V4 L gm visual cortex v4 l_bilateral
88 GM Visual cortex V4 R gm visual cortex v4 r_bilateral
89 GM Visual cortex V5 L gm visual cortex v5 l_bilateral
90 GM Visual cortex V5 R gm visual cortex v5 r_bilateral
91 GM Premotor cortex BA6 L gm premotor cortex ba6 l_bilateral
92 GM Premotor cortex BA6 R gm premotor cortex ba6 r_bilateral
93 WM Acoustic radiation R wm acoustic radiation r_bilateral
94 WM Acoustic radiation L wm acoustic radiation l_bilateral
95 WM Callosal body wm callosal body_bilateral
96 WM Cingulum R wm cingulum r_bilateral
97 WM Cingulum L wm cingulum l_bilateral
98 WM Corticospinal tract R wm corticospinal tract r_bilateral
99 WM Corticospinal tract L wm corticospinal tract l_bilateral
100 WM Fornix wm fornix_bilateral
101 WM Inferior occipito-frontal fascicle R wm inferior occipito-frontal fascicle r_bilateral
102 WM Inferior occipito-frontal fascicle L wm inferior occipito-frontal fascicle l_bilateral
103 GM Lateral geniculate body R gm lateral geniculate body r_bilateral
104 GM Lateral geniculate body L gm lateral geniculate body l_bilateral
105 GM Mamillary body gm mamillary body_bilateral
106 GM Medial geniculate body R gm medial geniculate body r_bilateral
107 GM Medial geniculate body L gm medial geniculate body l_bilateral
108 WM Optic radiation R wm optic radiation r_bilateral
109 WM Optic radiation L wm optic radiation l_bilateral
110 WM Superior longitudinal fascicle R wm superior longitudinal fascicle r_bilateral
111 WM Superior longitudinal fascicle L wm superior longitudinal fascicle l_bilateral
112 WM Superior occipito-frontal fascicle R wm superior occipito-frontal fascicle r_bilateral
113 WM Superior occipito-frontal fascicle L wm superior occipito-frontal fascicle l_bilateral
114 WM Uncinate fascicle R wm uncinate fascicle r_bilateral
115 WM Uncinate fascicle L wm uncinate fascicle l_bilateral
116 GM Insula Id1 L gm insula id1 l_bilateral
117 GM Insula Id1 R gm insula id1 r_bilateral
118 GM Insula Ig1 L gm insula ig1 l_bilateral
119 GM Insula Ig1 R gm insula ig1 r_bilateral
120 GM Insula Ig2 L gm insula ig2 l_bilateral
121 GM Insula Ig2 R gm insula ig2 r_bilateral

Citation

Wali Sidiqyar*, Gaurav Rudravaram*, Elyssa M. McMaster, Trent M. Schwartz, Adam M. Saunders, Kurt G. Schilling, Bennett A. Landman "Introducing SPINS: A Shared Public Visualization Library of Neuroanatomical Structures." Medical Imaging with Deep Learning- short paper

This resource is licensed under CC0 1.0 Universal (Public Domain).